摘要: 随着城市化进程的加快和人口老龄化的加剧，地铁作为城市公共交通的重要组成部分，其售票机的适老性设计显得尤为重要。本文旨在通过FBM（Fitts' Law Behavior Model）行为模型，研究和分析地铁售票机的适老性问题，并提出相应的展望。 首先，本文对关键词进行了解释和意义说明，对FBM行为模型进行了简要介绍并针对老年人进行了FBM行为模型分析。随后，通过文献综述和实地调研，收集了当前地铁售票机的使用情况和老年人的使用反馈。在此基础上，本文构建了基于FBM模型的地铁售票机适老性评估体系，包括界面设计、操作流程、信息提示等多个维度，将老年人购票遇到的困难在三个方面进行总结归纳，并以此作为实际调研的方向。 实际调研中，我们运用了问卷调查法、行为观察法和访谈法三个方法进行了综合调研。其中应用问卷调查法和访谈法收获了17位老年人的有效回答，应用行为观察法观察了诸多老年人并录制了三段老年人使用地铁购票机的视频。此外，本文还对在调研过程中遇到的困难做出了总结和分析。 本调研结果可用于分析和解释老年人使用地铁售票机的行为，并可为未来地铁售票机的改造或相关系统的升级、设施的改进提供帮助。

Abstract: With the acceleration of urbanization and the intensification of population aging, subways are an important part of urban public transportation, and the design of their ticket machines for the elderly is particularly important. This paper aims to study and analyze the issue of the aging of subway ticket machines through the FBM (Fitts' Law Behavior Model) behavior model, and put forward corresponding prospects. First, this paper explains the keywords and explains their meanings, briefly introduces the FBM behavior model, and analyzes the FBM behavior model for the elderly. Subsequently, through literature review and field research, the current use of subway ticket machines and the feedback from the elderly were collected. On this basis, this paper constructs an evaluation system for the aging of subway ticket machines based on the FBM model, including multiple dimensions such as interface design, operation process, and information prompts. The difficulties encountered by the elderly in buying tickets are summarized in three aspects, and this is used as the direction of actual research. In the actual research, we used three methods: questionnaire survey, behavior observation, and interview to conduct a comprehensive investigation. The questionnaire survey and interview methods were used to obtain valid answers from 17 elderly people. The behavioral observation method was used to observe many elderly people and record three videos of elderly people using subway ticket machines. In addition, this paper also summarizes and analyzes the difficulties encountered during the survey. The results of this survey can be used to analyze and explain the behavior of the elderly using subway ticket machines, and can provide help for the future transformation of subway ticket machines or the upgrading of related systems and facilities.